Research

Measurement first, conclusions second.

Studies, datasets and teardowns from the Northsline team. Everything here is published in full: method, apparatus, raw counts and the parts that did not work.

  1. Fingerprint resistance in modern browser stacks

    We re-measured canvas, audio and font enumeration across nine browser builds to see whether entropy claims still hold after several years of incremental mitigations. Entropy is still high, but it is concentrated in fewer surfaces than defenders assume.

  2. A field study of home router DNS logging

    Over eleven weeks we logged resolver traffic from volunteer households in four countries. Median retention before rotation was longer than most published guidance assumes, and secondary routers were the single largest source of unexpected queries.

  3. Tracker detection recall on shared networks

    Detection lists are usually evaluated per device. We evaluated them per household instead, and found recall drops sharply once a second device on the same network is also phoning home. The dataset and scoring script are released alongside.

  4. Measuring third-party script chains

    Static call-graph analysis of script loading on the top thousand sites, tracing how far a single third-party dependency propagates before hitting a first-party boundary. The tail is longer, and less owned, than most teams believe.

  5. Pedestrian traffic patterns in anonymity networks

    Timing shapes in low-latency anonymity tooling remain distinguishable from padded baselines, and the padding that defeats one detector tends to inflate latency enough to stand out under another.

  6. The practical cost of onion routing in rural deployments

    Circuit construction over congested last-mile links dominates end-to-end latency. We quantify the tradeoff across three tunnel configurations and identify where pre-sealed circuits pay for themselves.

  7. Passive traffic fingerprinting on consumer hardware

    What can be inferred from packet sizes alone, using only commodity hardware and no decryption. Results are narrower than the headline claims in prior work, which we think is the more useful result.

  8. Shutdown cascades in darknet markets

    Seizures rarely end with the seized host. We tracked how vendors, payment rails and buyers re-converge within weeks, and published the indicator set so defenders can watch the same transitions live.